Air Traffic Controller Salary: How Much Do They Really Make?

Service & SpecialtyAbout as fast as average

Air traffic controllers coordinate the movement of aircraft to maintain safe distances between them during takeoff, landing, and in-flight. They use radar, computers, and visual observation to direct aircraft, issue clearances, and manage the flow of air traffic. This is one of the most high-pressure and well-compensated careers in the country.

Median Salary

$137,380

Salary Range

$82,200 $186,000

Hourly Equivalent

$66.05/hr

Growth Rate

3%

Air Traffic Controller Salary by Experience Level

Entry Level (0-2 years)$98,914
$47.55/hr
Mid Career (3-6 years)$137,380
$66.05/hr
Senior (7-12 years)$171,725
$82.56/hr
Expert (13+ years)$199,201
$95.77/hr

Air Traffic Controller Salary by State (Top 10)

RankStateAnnual SalaryHourly Rate
#1California$167,604$80.58/hr
#2New York$163,482$78.60/hr
#3Washington$159,361$76.62/hr
#4Massachusetts$157,987$75.96/hr
#5New Jersey$155,239$74.63/hr
#6Connecticut$152,492$73.31/hr
#7Maryland$149,744$71.99/hr
#8Alaska$148,370$71.33/hr
#9Hawaii$146,997$70.67/hr
#10Oregon$144,249$69.35/hr

Air Traffic Controller Salary by City (Top 10 Metros)

RankCityAnnual SalaryHourly Rate
#1San Francisco, CA$189,584$91.15/hr
#2New York City, NY$181,342$87.18/hr
#3San Jose, CA$178,594$85.86/hr
#4Seattle, WA$171,725$82.56/hr
#5Boston, MA$167,604$80.58/hr
#6Washington D.C., DC$164,856$79.26/hr
#7Los Angeles, CA$162,108$77.94/hr
#8Denver, CO$153,866$73.97/hr
#9Austin, TX$151,118$72.65/hr
#10Chicago, IL$148,370$71.33/hr

How to Become a Air Traffic Controller

To become an air traffic controller, you must be a U.S. citizen, pass a medical exam, pass a background investigation, and be under age 31 at the time of appointment. You also need either three years of progressively responsible work experience, a bachelor's degree, or a combination of both.

The FAA also has an AT-CTI (Air Traffic Collegiate Training Initiative) program pathway. Graduates of AT-CTI programs receive preference in the hiring process. These two to four year programs at participating schools provide foundational knowledge in air traffic control.

After being selected, you attend the FAA Academy in Oklahoma City for two to five months. Training covers airspace, regulations, procedures, and simulated air traffic scenarios. The training is rigorous, and approximately 10-20% of students do not complete the program.

Following the Academy, you are assigned to an air traffic facility where you undergo additional on-the-job training for one to three years under the guidance of experienced controllers. You must achieve full certification at your facility before working independently. Controllers can transfer between facilities and advance to supervisory positions.

Job Outlook for Air Traffic Controllers

3% growth — About as fast as average

The job outlook for air traffic controllers shows about 3% growth from 2022 to 2032. The ongoing need to replace retiring controllers and the steady growth of air traffic ensure continued hiring. The FAA conducts hiring "bids" annually, attracting thousands of applicants for a limited number of positions.

Air traffic controllers are among the highest-paid professionals without a required bachelor's degree. Salaries are based on the complexity and volume of traffic at their assigned facility. Controllers at major approach control facilities and en-route centers earn the most, while controllers at smaller tower facilities earn less.

Benefits include the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS) with special provisions that allow controllers to retire at age 50 with 20 years of service or at any age with 25 years. The mandatory retirement age is 56. Generous health insurance, paid leave, and premium pay for night and weekend shifts add to the total compensation.

Education & Certifications

Education Required

Associate's Degree or Bachelor's Degree + FAA Academy

Key Certifications
  • FAA Air Traffic Control Certificate
  • AT-SAT Qualification
  • Medical Certificate

Frequently Asked Questions About Air Traffic Controller Salary